Preeclampsia and attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. Case-control study

Abstract

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a mental disorder that affects children and adolescents. Its prevalence is 5.3% in the global population, in Colombia is 19-24% in men and 10-12% in women. Its etiology is multifactorial and hypoxia as a factor of the uterine environment; performing in entities such as preeclampsia, has been considered in the development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, been important to evaluate the association. Objective: Determine the association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosis and perinatal history of preeclampsia. Methodology: Retrospective case-control study. 404 cases with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and 411 unrelated controls without psychiatric or other disruptive behavior disorders. The psychiatric evaluation was made between 2005–2011 by structured interview, which will assess the obstetric history of mothers in search of preeclampsia.   Results: The history of preeclampsia occurred in 3.7% of patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and 5.5% of controls (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.34 – 1.29, P= 0.221). This lack of association remains after adjusting for patient sex, if adopted, would have been born by caesarean section and age of onset of the disorder that led to refer the patient (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.22 – 1.17, P= 0.115). Conclusions: There was no statistical significance between maternal history of preeclampsia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the sample of selected patients. [Castellanos-Castellanos YA, Escobar-Sánchez M, Páez-Leal MC, Díaz-Martínez LA, Arias-Duran CA, Espitia-Orejarena DM, Forero-Parada JL. Preeclampsia and attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. Case-control study. MedUNAB 2014; 17(1): 23-29]