Pleomorphic liposarcoma, case report

Abstract

Introduction: The pleomorphic liposarcoma is a subtype of liposarcoma with the highest malignancy, with a local recurrence of 37% and a metastasis in 10 years of 41%, a percentage that increases directly with the size of the lesion; furthermore, it presents a 10-year survival of 39%.  Objective: To show a case of this disease in a man with no relevant background who presented lung metastasis after diagnosis and treatment of the pleomorphic liposarcoma. Discussion: In the group of liposarcomas there are 4 different types: Well-differentiated, dedifferentiated, pleomorphic and myxoid liposarcoma. In spite of having little vascularization the percentage of metastases, its prognosis and difficulty for surgical removal varies according to its histological type. Regarding to the diagnosis: simple x-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are valid diagnostic tools to study the liposarcoma. Its treatment is controversial because of the recurrence rate after a surgical resection, which ranges from 0% to 69%. Conclusion: In patients with clinical profiles characterized by tumor lesions, it is important to make a timely diagnosis using imaging and surgical tools such as intraoperative biopsies to classify the sample according to the liposarcoma subtype, to evaluate the correct treatment, its prognosis and patient survival.