Mental Health in the COVID-19 Pandemic in 2020 in the Colombian Adult Population
Abstract
Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has represented multiple effects on mental health, including violence and substance use. The objective of this study is to describe the alterations in mental health, consumption of psychoactive substances and violence in the Colombian population of legal age, in addition to psychological resilience, in the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology. Cross-sectional correlational descriptive study, carried out in 2020 with older people, linked through incidental sampling, where mental health risks, violence, consumption of psychoactive substances and levels of resilience were evaluated to determine correlations between the variables. Results. In a sample of 18,779, with the most frequent ages between 25 and 39 years, 72.7% women and a representation of all regions of Colombia, it was found that 30.1% of people have some risk associated with the mental sphere. Concerning the presence of symptoms of anxiety or depression, 13% of the people presented consumption of psychoactive substances, and 5.3% presented exposure to violence. It was shown that resilience is lower in those people with a mental issues or disorder and that there are statistically significant correlations between these variables. Discussion. Multiple studies have indicated that mental problems have increased in during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially anxiety, depression and consumption of psychoactive substances. Conclusion. Mental health during the pandemic in Colombia has worsened, and this is associated with an impact on well-being variables such as resilience and help-seeking.
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