Academic engagement and burnout in nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract
Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic hit various human dimensions. Mental health in Chile was a problem, the second country with the highest rates of emotional conditions. Nursing students are susceptible and have had a high prevalence of burnout syndrome (23%). In this context, universities incorporated distance education strategies, demanding engagement and exposing them to burnout. The objective is to observe the relationship between academic engagement and burnout in times of pandemic. Methodology. Quantitative, correlational and transversal research. The sample was 201 students from 1st to 5th year of nursing. Academic burnout (MBI-SS) and engagement (UWES) questionnaires were applied. Statistical analysis was carried out by Kruskal-Wallis test, Games-Howell post-hoc analysis, and Rho Spearman correlation coefficient. Results. 100% of the sample presented academic burnout. Moderate negative correlations were observed between the burnout and engagement dimensions, as well as for their total score (r=-0.320; p<0.001). 5th year students experienced greater depersonalization, despite suffering less emotional exhaustion compared to lower grades. Discussion. Engagement was negatively associated with academic burnout; as engagement improved, burnout decreased. Results are consistent with other studies given the nature of the contrast between these variables. Conclusions. In the presence of academic burnout, engagement appears as a protective factor against it. It is important that students can be permanently motivated by managing student commitment, which could reduce the symptoms of burnout. In relation to the latter, it is necessary for universities to find early screening strategies in the susceptible population.
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