Improvements in the knowledge of prehabilitation and presentation of the project: promotion of early ambulation in noncardiac surgery patients (PAMP)

Abstract

Introduction: Prehabilitation is a multidisciplinary program that combines a set of interventions (walking, aerobic exercises, inspiratory muscle training, nutrition education and psychological management) aimed at improving the functional capacity of patients before assuming any type of surgery. Its purpose is to physically prepare patients before going to surgery (especially the adult and older adult population) and favor rapid rehabilitation, reduction of postoperative complications, and adequate preparation for hospital discharge. Despite the knowledge of the importance of this intervention it is not a practice implemented and little is known about its benefit in the postoperative results of noncardiac surgery patients. Objective: To describe the prehabilitation and the scope of the scientific evidence in this topic. To present the PAMP project as a research model of prehabilitation in non-cardiac surgery. Methodology: We performed a non - systematic review of the literature on the fundamentals of prehabilitation, its origins, types of interventions, importance and its efficacy in the reduction of postoperative events in noncardiac surgery patients. Furthermore, we performed a literature review including systematic reviews and meta-analyzes of clinical trials on interventions of prehabilitation programs. Finally, this article presents the scope of the PAMP project in all its phases and its progress towards the implementation of a clinical trial of prehabilitation in Colombia through the PAMP phase II study was described. Conclusions: It is necessary to implement innovative multidisciplinary strategies that promote better results in the postoperative period of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. [Cortés OL, Becerra-Cristancho CP, Hine-Sanabria AL, Vásquez-Hernández SM, Esparza-Bohórquez M, Acuña-Torres X. Improvements in the knowledge of prehabilitation and presentation of the project: promotion of early ambulation in non-cardiac surgery patients (PAMP). MedUNAB 2016; 19(2): 142-150].