Association between hyponatremia, mortality and hospitalization in patients with acute decompensated Heart Failure
Abstract
Introduction. Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in patients with chronic heart failure affecting up to 28% of patients at admission. It has been shown to be an independent predictor of mortality, extended length of hospital stay and rehospitalization. The objective is to evaluate the presence of hyponatremia in patients with decompensated heart failure and describe its relationship with length of hospital stay and mortality. Methodology. A prospective cohort study in patients hospitalized at internal medicine service at a high level of complexity hospital in Bogotá, Colombia diagnosed with decompensated heart failure between April 2011 and March 2012. Sodium was measured on admission, 72 hours and at the seventh day of hospitalization. We evaluated the association between hyponatremia at hospital admission, mortality at 30 days and length of hospital stay. Results. 162 patients were included with an average age of 72 years, 52.5% male. Forty-one (25.3%) had hyponatremia at admission. Among the patients with normal sodium at admission, 6 had hyponatremia at 72 hours and 2 at the seventh day. In-hospital mortality in the total population was 9.2%, in the hyponatremia group 12.2%, and 8.2% in those who did not have it (p = 0.45). The average length of hospital stay was higher in patients with hyponatremia, 6.6 vs 8.4 days (p = 0.12). Discussion. The incidence of hyponatremia at admission in this group of patients was similar to that reported in the literature. Conclusions. The results showed a trend towards higher mortality and hospital stay in patients with hyponatremia, even though it was not statistically significant.
References
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